What is Terpineol? How does it work?
Terpineol (pine oil alcohol, C₁₀H₁₈O, CAS 98-55-5 for α-terpineol, industrial grade a mixture of four isomers with α-terpineol as the main component, CAS 8000-41-7) is a monoterpene alcohol, colourless to pale yellow liquid with a pleasant lilac and pine aroma. It is the main component of the "lilac" notes of soaps, laundry detergents and perfumes, as well as the source of the pine scent in candies, drinks and chewing gum. The highest purity grade is “Fragrance-grade terpineol” with higher main content, purer aroma and stricter control over impurities and hygiene indicators. It is specifically used in perfumes, cosmetics, food flavourings and tobacco flavourings where quality and safety requirements are extremely high.
Basic information Molecular formula C₁₀H₁₈O Molecular weight 154.25 Isomer Four isomers, α-terpineol CAS 98-55-5 EC 202-680-6, β-terpineol CAS 138-87-4 EC 205-342-6, γ-terpineol CAS 586-81-2 EC 209-584-3, 4-terpineol CAS 562-74-3 EC 209-235-5 Fragrance grade isomer mixture mainly contains α-terpineol CAS 8000-41-7 Natural existence Cardamom, melaleuca oil, pine oil and bitter orange leaf oil (pine smoke aroma of Lapsang Souchong tea also comes from it) Industrial production Mainly by hydration of α-pinene (main component of turpentine) in the presence of sulphuric acid and then distillation purification to obtain fragrance grade
In physical terms it is a colourless to pale yellow liquid with a pleasant lilac-like smell (with notes of pine, citrus, wood, resin and cooling effect), density approximately 0.93 g/cm³, melting point of the mixture of isomers approximately -36°C to -28°C, boiling point approximately 214-217°C, slightly soluble in water (approximately 2.42 g/L) and soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and ether, flash point approximately 88°C.
Terpineol is a tert-allyl alcohol. Chemically stable and capable of esterification (to form terpineol acetate and other fragrance esters), oxidation and isomerisation. Chemical properties and safety: It is a natural identical odour substance, widely exists in edible natural plant essential oil, and is up to the standard of the use as food additive . May cause mild skin irritation; care should be taken for the possibility of sensitisation when used in high concentrations.
From the point of view of mechanism of action, fragrance grade terpineols are irreplaceable for the “pure lilac aroma + moderate volatility and fixative properties + natural equivalence and compliance”. The mode of action in different applications is as follows:
1. Mechanism of Fragrance Release Terpineol has a pleasant lilac-like odour, reminiscent of pine, citrus and wood with a cooling sensation. Fragrance grade is a clean and pure aroma and is a key ingredient in fragrance blends like clove, pine and lavender.
2. Fixative and durability mechanism Terpineol boils at around 214 to 217℃ and evaporates at a moderate rate. In fragrance formula, it can reduce the evaporation rate of top notes and extend the lasting time of the fragrance, so it has dual functions as a fragrance raw material and a fixative.
3. Synergy of Flavour Enhancement Mechanism Terpineol has good aroma compatibility with terpenoid fragrance raw materials such as linalool, geraniol, limonene and terpineol acetate, which can harmonise the overall fragrance and enhance the sense of layering and naturalness.
4. Natural equivalence compliance mechanism Terpineols are found naturally in a number of edible plant essential oils. They are natural equivalent flavourings, are food additive compliant, and may be safely used in edible flavourings (within limits).
Summarize: fragrance-grade terpineols are the "basket of a clove flavour in the flavour and fragrance industry." They are used in many fields such as: perfume and cosmetics, food and beverages, tobacco flavouring, essential oil blending, daily chemical fragrances, food flavourings, tobacco flavourings, natural essential oils. Pure aroma, moderate volatility, safety regulations compliant.
What are the uses of fragrance-grade terpineol?
The fragrance grade terpineols are used in the fields of daily-use fragrances, food flavourings, tobacco flavouring and essential oil blending as following:
1. Daily-use fragrance and perfume(core application in daily chemical fragrance industry)
Application Field: Daily-use fragrance and perfume(core application in daily chemical fragrance industry)
Corresponding Products: Fragrances for perfume and cologne, fragrances for cosmetics, fragrances for soaps, fragrances for shampoos and shower gels, fragrances for laundry detergents and dishwashing liquids, fragrances for toothpaste and mouthwash, fragrances for air fresheners, fragrances for scented candles, fragrances for deodorants, fragrances for pet grooming, etc.
Applicability Principle: Terpineol, fragrance grade has a pure aroma with a distinct lilac note (with pine and citrus and a cooling sensation). Moderate volatility provides fixative and long lasting fragrance properties, therefore it is a core fragrance ingredient in clove, pine and lavender fragrances.
2.Food flavourings (main application in food flavouring industry)
Application Field: Food flavouring and flavouring industry
Corresponding Products: Beverage flavourings, confectionery flavourings, chewing gum flavourings, baked goods flavourings, ice cream flavourings, dairy product flavourings, jam and preserve flavourings, spirits and fruit wine flavourings, tea and coffee flavourings etc.
Applicability Principle: Flavor-grade terpineols are natural equivalent flavourings that meet food additive standards. They add pine, mint and citrus aromas to food and are common ingredients in fruit, mint and tea-flavoured edible flavourings (must be used within standard limits).
3.Flavourings, tobacco (tobacco industry)
Application Field: Tobacco flavouring
Corresponding Products: Cigaret flavourings, cigar flavourings, tobacco flavourings & fragrances, filter flavourings, tobacco flavourings, e-cigarette liquid flavourings etc.
Applicability Principle: Terpineols give tobacco a pine and resinous aroma, improving the aroma characteristics of the smoke and improving the smoothness of the taste. They are commonly used in tobacco flavourings (smoking is bad for health).
4.Blending of essential oils and standardisation of natural fragrances (essential oil industry)
Application Field: Natural essential oils and aromatic raw materials
Corresponding Products: Pine oil, tea tree oil, bitter orange leaf oil, lemongrass oil, cardamom oil, aromatherapy essential oil blends, standardised essential oil components, natural fragrance compounding ingredients, etc.
Applicability Principle: Terpineols are natural components of many plant essential oils. They are natural constituents in essential oil blending. They can be used for standardisation of essential oils, blending and flavour enhancement and formulation of aromatherapy products.
To summarise: flavor-grade terpineol (CAS 98-55-5/8000-41-7) is the "basket of clove flavouring in the fragrance and flavour industry.” It has 4 applications: Daily use fragrance blending, Food flavouring, Tobacco flavouring, Essential oil blending and standardisation of natural fragrances. With a pure lilac aroma, moderate volatility and compliance with natural safety standards. The largest consumption volumes are for daily use fragrances and food flavourings. Flavor-grade terpineol used in food must be used in accordance with food additive standards. High concentrations can cause skin irritation and sensitisation. Do not expose to flames.