Industrial grade 99% Formamide CAS 75-12-7

What is formamide? What are its industrial applications?

1. What is Formamide?

Formamide, also known as aminoformaldehyde, is the simplest formamide of formic acid and one of the most important nitrogen-containing intermediates in the pesticide industry. Its conventional chemical formula is written:

CH3NO (HCONH2, CAS No.: 75-12-7, EINECS No.: 200-842-0, molecular weight about 45.04)

At room temperature it is a colorless, transparent liquid with a faint ammonia-like odor. Very hygroscopic, miscible with water, soluble in alcohol. Melting point about 2.5°C, boiling point about 210°C. The amide group (-CONH2) in the molecule of formamide is highly reactive and can act as a formylating reagent in many organic reactions. Its unique solubility enables it to also dissolve many ionic compounds and resins; It is industrially prepared by the reaction of methyl formate with ammonia or the direct amidation of formic acid with ammonia.

Formamide molecules have carbonyl (C=O), amino (-NH2) and aldehyde hydrogen groups, with polarity, reactivity and coordination ability, structurally. These are important raw materials in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds such as pyrimidines, purines, oxazoles, etc. They are also excellent solvents for a wide range of inorganic salts and resins. They are bifunctional chemicals, acting both as intermediates and solvents.

Formamide is a very reactive chemical and will not mix with strong oxidizing agents and acids. It is a Group 1B Substance of Very High Concern (SVHC) for reproductive toxicity under the EU REACH regulation and thus its production and use are strictly controlled. Store in a tightly sealed moisture-proof container. Keep away from fire and heat.

Formamide used in industries like pesticides, papermaking and textiles is industrial-grade formamide. Industrial-grade products pay more attention to the following indicators:

1. Moisture

Moisture affects the reaction system and product stability, and is particularly important for pesticide synthesis, which needs to be strictly controlled.

2. Chromaticity (APHA)

Color affects the appearance of downstream products. Products should be colorless and transparent and should be kept in the indicated range.

3.acidity or alkalinity

Acidity or alkalinity refers to the content of free acid or ammonia, which affects the stability of the reaction system and should be kept in a reasonable range.

4. Density

Density is a regular factory inspection index, indicating the consistency of product concentration with batch.

5. Evaporation residue

The residue resulting from evaporation represents the total amount of impurities, which can impact high-purity applications and the quality of downstream products, and therefore should be maintained within a very low range.

6. Content of Iron and Heavy Metals

The iron content influences the color of the product, which should be kept within a reasonable range.

What are the uses of industrial-grade formamide?

Industrial grade formamide is widely applied in the pesticides, papermaking, textile and fine chemical industries due to its special properties of “high reactivity and special solubility”. Applications are described below:

1.Pesticide Intermediates (Major Use in the Pesticide Sector)

Formamide is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of pesticides, e.g. insecticides and fungicides, and helps in building nitrogen-containing structural units of pesticide molecules. It is the second largest application area of the pesticide industry and accounts for some 30% of the total formamide used.

2.Production of basic chemicals, for example, formic acid (basic chemical industry)

It can be reacted with inorganic acids to give formic acid on a large scale . Formamide is used to make chemicals such as hydrogen cyanide . It is a raw material of basic chemistry.

3. Preparation of heterocyclic compounds (Fine chemical industry)

Formamide is an important raw material for the synthesis of nitrogen containing heterocyclic compounds such as pyrimidines, purines, oxazoles and triazines and is an important building block in fine chemical synthesis.

4.Paper softening and treating agents (paper industry)

Formamide is used as a paper softener and treatment agent for papermaking and paper processing industries to improve the softness, strength and surface properties of paper.

5. Fiber softeners and spinning solvents (textile industry)

Formamide is applied to improve the feel of fibers and to enhance spinning performance in the fiber industry as a softener and spinning solvent. It is used in the chemical fiber and textile industries.

6.Solvents for organic production (fine chemicals industry)

Formamide is a good solvent for many ionic compounds, resins and plasticizers, and is also used as a softener for animal glues. It is extensively used in organic chemical synthesis and formulation development.

7.Solvent for the production of resin and plastics (Polymer materials field)

Formamide is used in the manufacture of resins, plastics and adhesives as a solvent. It helps to dissolve and disperse resin systems and serves the polymer materials industry.

8. Processing of leather and artificial leather (leather industry domain)

Formamide is used as solvent and auxiliary agent in processing of leather and synthetic leather for improving processing performance and serving leather and synthetic leather industries.

9. Ink and Coating Solvents (Coating Industry, Ink Industry)

Formamide is used as a solvent component in inks and coatings for adjusting viscosity and solubility in the printing inks and coatings industry.

10.Biological Applications

Formamide is a component of vitrification fluid but is also used as a stabilizer for RNA in gel-based electrophoresis and for denatured single stranded DNA in capillary electrophoresis.

11.Analytical reagents (field for analytical testing)

Formamide is used as reagent for the determination of amino acids in rice and other analytical materials. It is also used as a solvent and in laboratory sample processing for the analytical testing industry.

12. Sol-gel material additives (field of materials)

In advanced ceramics and materials industry formamide is used as a sintering aid in the sol-gel process to help improve sintering properties of ceramic and glass materials.

Summary

Formamide HCONH2 CH3NO CAS No. 75-12-7 EINECS No. 200-842-0 A colorless, transparent liquid, miscible with water. We find it in everyday life in pesticides and agriculture products, paper, textiles and biological research . Formamide is used in industry as a pesticide intermediate, as an intermediate in the manufacture of basic chemicals (e.g., formic acid), in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds, as a paper softening agent, as a fiber softener and spinning solvent, as a solvent for synthesis of organic compounds, as a resin and plasticizer, as a leather and synthetic leather processing agent, as an ink and coating solvent, in biological applications, as an analytical reagent, as an indirect food additive (regulated) and as an additive in sol-gel materials. It is a versatile nitrogen-containing intermediate linking “amide chemistry” to “pesticides, paper making, textiles, fine chemicals, and biology . ”