99% TRIS hydrochloride CAS 1185-53-1

What is tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane hydrochloride (TRIS hydrochloride)? What are its uses?

I. What is TRIS hydrochloride?

TRIS hydrochloride, also known as tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane hydrochloride, is the hydrochloride salt of tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (Tris). It is one of the most widely used zwitterionic biological buffers in biochemistry and molecular biology. Its chemical formula is usually written as:

C4H12ClNO3 (NH2C(CH2OH)3·HCl, CAS No.: 1185-53-1, EINECS No.: 214-684-5, molecular weight approx. 157.60)

It is a white crystalline powder at room temperature, readily soluble in water, methanol, and ethanol, and hygroscopic. Tris-HCl is an important member of the Good's buffer family, with an effective buffering range of pH 7.0-9.0 (commonly 7.2-9.0). It has strong buffering capacity and low ionic strength, and has minimal impact on the structure of biological macromolecules, making it the preferred buffer system.

From the perspective of buffering mechanism, Tris-HCl regulates pH through the protonation and deprotonation of amino groups: when acid is added, Tris binds H+, and when alkali is added, Tris-H+ releases H+, thereby maintaining pH balance; when used in combination with Tris base, it can be conveniently used to prepare buffer solutions with different pH values, and is one of the most commonly used acid-base pairs for preparing buffer systems in the laboratory.

Tris-HCl is an amino alcohol that is chemically stable, has low toxicity and is bio inert. It does not interfere with most enzymatic reactions and is used as a biological buffer and pH adjuster in daily chemical processes. It should be put in a sealed moisture-proof and light-proof environment.

Tris-HCl is a product for life science research, diagnostic reagents, analytical testing, daily chemical use. Common specifications are reagent grade/molecular biology grade (for electrophoresis, cell culture and molecular biology research with high purity, no DNase/RNase contamination) and analytical grade (for analytical testing).

Moisture

Moisture affects product stability and the accuracy of ingredient addition. The product is hygroscopic and must be strictly controlled and stored in a sealed container.

Ash content of ignition residue

Ash content reflects the total amount of inorganic impurities, which affects product purity and must be controlled within a reasonable range.

UV absorbance (A260/A280)

Biological-grade products must control absorbance in the ultraviolet wavelength range to ensure that there is no background interference during electrophoresis and spectral analysis.

DNase/RNase activity and microbial limits

Molecular biology grade products must be free of DNase/RNase enzyme contamination and meet microbial limits to ensure the safety of nucleic acid experiments and cell culture.

What are the uses of TRIS hydrochloride?

1. Analytical chemical buffer solutions (analytical detection field)

Analytical grade Tris-HCl is used as a buffer solution and component of pH standard solutions in analytical chemistry, for sample processing and detection in chromatographic, spectroscopic and electrochemical analyses, and to serve the quality control of food, environmental and chemical products.

2. Research and development aids for biosensing, nanomaterials and functional materials

ris-HCl is widely used in cutting-edge interdisciplinary research, applied to the development of biosensors, surface modification of nanomaterials, adsorption experiments, biocompatibility evaluation, preparation of fluorescent probes, electrochemical bioanalysis, and the development of functional polymer materials such as hydrogels.

3. pH buffer for daily chemical products (core application in the cosmetics industry)

Tris family (tromethamine) Used as a pH buffer and neutraliser in cosmetics and personal care products to help regulate and stabilise the pH of products. It is widely used in the formulation of skin care products, hair care products and oral care products and is a core application in the daily chemical industry.

4. Buffer reagents for testing cosmetics and personal care products (reagent grade, for daily chemical quality control)

Testing (Reagent grade, for daily chemical quality control)

In research and development and quality testing of skincare and personal care products, Tris-HCl is used for Tris buffer system construction for raw material stability testing, protein and enzyme analysis, preservative challenge testing, in vitro skin model research, active ingredient detection, and product efficacy evaluation experiments.

5. Surfactant synthesis intermediates (fine chemical industry)

Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane condensed with fatty acids can give nonionic surfactants (Tris type surfactants), which are used as emulsifiers and dispersants in the fine chemical and daily chemical raw material industries.

6. Research and Teaching Reagents (Educational Research Field)

Tris-HCl is a common basic buffer reagent, used in universities, research institutes, third party testing agencies and corporate R&D laboratories. It is widely used in biochemistry teaching experiments, molecular biology research, protein electrophoresis, DNA electrophoresis, enzyme activity detection, and cell-specific buffer preparation. It supports various routine scientific research experiments for teachers, students and researchers.

7. Food and Environmental Testing Buffers (Testing Field)

Tris-HCl is employed to maintain pH in the analysis of food, agricultural products and environmental samples. It is used for food microbiology test, food protein analysis, enzymatic detection and environmental water sample analysis. It can also be used to prepare laboratory standard buffer solutions for food safety supervision, water quality monitoring and public health related testing.

It should be noted that although Tris-HCl is of low toxicity, the dust may cause respiratory and skin irritation, and protective equipment should be worn during operation; reagent-grade products must be free of DNase/RNase contamination; raw materials for any grade of product are strictly prohibited from being consumed, and waste liquid must be disposed of in accordance with regulations.

Summarize

Tris hydrochloride (Tris-HCl, C4H12ClNO3, CAS No. 1185-53-1, EINECS No. 214-684-5) is a white crystalline powder, readily soluble in water. With its wide buffering range of pH 7.0-9.0, low ionic strength, and biological inertness, it is one of the most widely used zwitterionic biological buffers in biochemistry and molecular biology. In daily life, we encounter it through food testing, cosmetics, biotechnology products, and scientific research and teaching. In scientific research , Tris-HCl is widely used in electrophoresis buffers, chromatography buffers, cell culture buffers, molecular biology reagents, immunoassay buffers, analytical chemistry buffers, daily chemical pH buffers, surfactant synthesis intermediates, scientific research and teaching reagents, and food and environmental testing buffers. It is a versatile biological buffer that connects "biological buffer chemistry" with "life sciences, daily chemicals, and fine chemicals."